What happens during a home inspection?

Here's a walk-through of what a home inspection actually involves:

Who's involved

The buyer hires and pays for the inspector. Buyers are strongly encouraged to be present, as walking through with the inspector and asking questions is one of the best ways to learn about the home. Sellers should vacate during the inspection.

What the inspector examines

A general home inspection covers visible and accessible components, including:

• Roof: shingles, gutters, flashing, chimney
• Foundation and structure: visible cracks, settlement, framing
• Electrical: panel, wiring, outlets, GFCI protection
• Plumbing: water pressure, supply and drain lines, water heater
• HVAC: heating and cooling systems, ductwork
• Insulation and ventilation: attic, crawl space
• Interior: walls, ceilings, floors, windows, doors
• Exterior: siding, grading, drainage

How long it takes

Inspection duration varies based on the property's size, age, condition, and complexity. Plan to block several hours, as larger or older properties typically take more time. Ask your inspector for an estimate when you schedule.

The inspection report

The inspector produces a written report with photos documenting their findings. Modern inspection reports are detailed and can feel alarming, since every deficiency, even minor ones, is documented. Evaluate findings by severity, not by count.

After the inspection

The buyer reviews the report with their agent and decides what, if anything, to request from the seller: repairs, credits, or (where the contract provides) exit from the transaction during the inspection period.